Most Female Mammals live longer than male

Most Female Mammals live longer than male

Vocabulary

trait /treɪt/ 

a quality or characteristic that someone or something has

-Shyness is a common personality trait among young children.

-This frog's most distinguishing trait is the color of skin.

Vulnerable /ˈvəlnərəbəl/ 

easily harmed, damaged(damajude), attacked, etc.

-Babies are completely Vulnerable without their parents.

-She felt completely Vulnerable after breaking up with her boyfriend.

Harsh /hɑːrʃ/

difficult to live or survive in; unpleasant

-The conditions in that prison are harsh.

-She has to face the harsh reality of being a single mother.

-Desert climates are very harsh.

chromosome /ˈkrəʊməsəʊm/

a structure in the nucleus of the cell that carries genes

-Each cell in the human body normally contains 23 pairs of chromosomes.

-ex. XX, XY 

mutation /mjuːˈteɪʃən/ 

a change in the genetic code of a living thing

-Many diseases are caused by genetic mutations.

Article

New research has found that most female mammals live longer than males-just like humans. Females lived longer in 60% of the groups of mammals the researchers looked at.

The research looked at 101 species of wild mammals and found that females lived an average of 18.6% longer than males. In humans, females live an average of 7.8% longer than males.

Males do live longer in some species, such as horses and some bats and rabbits, but the difference wasn't as large in those cases, said Jean-Francois Lemaitre, the study's lead author.

The study also found no consistent difference between how quickly males and females age. Instead, it suggests that the difference is due to an animal's environment and the energy it uses to make itself attractive to mates.

He said that males in some species grow bigger and have traits like large antlers that help them attract mates. but the extra energy needed for these traits may make males more vulnerable in a harsh environment.

altlers

Lemaitre said that male bighorn sheep, for example, lived as long as females in environment where food was always available. But in one location with very cold winters, the males lived much shorter lives. 

bighorn sheep 

Another theory is that having two X chromosomes offers protection against harmful mutations. Male mammals have only one X chromosome and one Y chromosome, while females just have two X chromosomes. In birds, it's the males that have two X chromosomes, and males often live longer than females.

In a study of 229 different species, including mammals, birds, fish and insects, researchers from UNSW Sydney found that in species where males have two of the same type of chromosome, like two X chromosome, males lived an average of 20.9% longer. In species where female have two of the same type of chromosome, females lived 7.1% longer.

Discussion

1. what are your thoughts on the fact that most female mammals live longer than males?

   

2. Did you enjoy studying biology when you were in school?

3. Would you be more interested in studying mammals, birds, fish, or insects?

4. What's the most unusual animal you've ever seen or heard of?

5. Do you enjoy watching animal documentaries? 

If so, what's the best one you've seen?

6. In your opinion, what would be the ideal human lifespan?

7. Do you think the average human lifespan will increase over the next few decades?

8. What countries do you imagine have the longest life expectancy?

9. Do you believe that scientists will eventually discover a way to stop the aging process?

10. What would you say is the key to living a long and healthy life?

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ETC.

Outlive : to live longer than someone

If they marry with younger woman, they might die sooner than their wife.

I went to shop to buy laundry detergent